Regarding firmware update you can update directly to TS252P005. Please find the link to get the firmware,
Also from the same link you can refer to "Installation Instruction" tab to get procedure about the same. You can also refer the below link to get the release notes where you need to look for "Installation instructions" section,
https://downloads.hpe.com/pub/softlib2/software1/pubsw-linux/p1485086127/v126190/740672-402.html
You can also refer to below SMU guide and refer page no 83 and 150 to get firmware update procedure as well,
https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docId=emr_na-c02520791
Coming to Compact Flash card, if this card failed then Controller will enable write-through mode which results in reduced I/O performance. MSA vdisk or volume information stored in drive metadata so there is no issue if you replace CF cards and no configuration will be lost. Please find the link to get CF card Spare part number,
https://partsurfer.hpe.com/Search.aspx?searchText=768079-001
Hope this helps!
Regards
Subhajit
I am an HPE employee
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